Sustainable Development Journal: A COVID19 Crisis

  Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable Many cities have become COVID-19 epicentres, revealing their vulnerabilities due to a lack of suitable and cheap housing, poor public health systems, and inadequate urban infrastructures such as water, sanitation, waste services, public transportation, and open public spaces. Migrants, the homeless, and those living in urban slums and informal settlements have suffered disproportionate pandemic-related impacts due to deep-seated inequality. Nonetheless, some cities have emerged as engines of economic recovery, centres of innovation, and catalysts for social and economic transformation as a result of the crisis. The recovery from the pandemic provides a chance to rethink and redesign cities as centres of inclusive and sustainable growth. The COVID19 pandemic has worsened the situation for slum dwellers Between 2014 and 2018, the percentage of urban residents living in slums climbed from 23% to 24%, resulti

  Reduce inequality within and among countries Before the COVID19 pandemic, various indicators of inequality were moving in the correct direction. In certain nations, income disparity had decreased. Low-income nations benefited from privileged trade status for the second year in a row. The cost of remittance transactions was decreasing. Most nations with data have policies that made migration more orderly, safe, and responsible. However, inequality continues, whether in terms of income, wealth, opportunity, or other factors. Those who are deemed vulnerable are subjected to a variety of discriminatory practices. The pandemic is increasing existing disparities within and across countries, wreaking havoc on the most vulnerable individuals and countries. Reducing vulnerability to health and other catastrophes, as well as strengthening society's resilience, will require addressing inequality. The COVID19 pandemic causes challenges to people who are refugees. For refugees, the COVID19

 Build resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation Global industrial growth was already in decline before the COVID-19 pandemic, due to trade-related conflicts between the world's major countries. When it happened, people and products were unable to move freely, damaging global value chains as well as the industrial and transportation industries. Small-scale businesses, in particular, have been hit hard. A country's capacity to perform and respond to shocks is hampered by a lack of physical infrastructure, information and communication technology, and fundamental services. Industrialization, infrastructural improvements, and the encouragement of technical innovation through increased investment in research and development are critical for the global community to attain Goal 9.  An example of the power of technological innovation is the development and production of vaccines against COVID-19 in record time which has given the world

  Promote sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all Global economic growth had stagnated even before the pandemic. The COVID-19 crisis caused chaos in the global economy, resulting in the worst recession since the Great Depression. 8.8% of global working hours will be lost in 2020 (compared to the fourth quarter of 2019), equivalent to 255 million full-time jobs, nearly four times the number lost during the global financial crisis of 2007–2009. Workers in informal employment are in danger as a result of the pandemic since they are not protected from illness or lockdowns. The crisis has had an especially negative impact on young employees and women. However, The United States of America and China is predicted to grow strongly in 2021, thanks to the roll-out of COVID-19 vaccinations and continuing fiscal and monetary assistance. While for many other nations,  economic growth will remain behind pre-pandemic levels for a long time. The COVID19 p

 Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all Access to power has risen during the previous decade, as has the usage of renewable energy in the electrical industry. Energy efficiency has also improved. Despite that,  millions of people still lack access to electricity and one-third of the world's population lacks access to clean cooking fuels and technology. Energy access has progressed unevenly across regions, leaving the most vulnerable people even further behind. The COVID19 pandemic is delaying development and denying access to energy to millions of people. In addition, low oil and gas costs are expected to deter the implementation of sustainable energy technology. On the plus side, lower fossil fuel prices give governments the opportunity to reform fossil fuel subsidies. Clean energy technology might be scaled up as part of recovery initiatives aimed at boosting economic development, protecting workers, and creating employment. The pandemic i

  Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all Hundreds of millions of people throughout the world lack access to clean drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene services. COVID-19 has emphasised the need for widespread access to these services in combating the epidemic and promoting a healthy, environmentally friendly, and long-term recovery. Water is necessary for the production of food, energy, products, and services in all areas of society. Global water consumption has increased at a rate more than double that of population growth over the previous century. Many water sources are becoming limited, contaminated, or both. In addition to water insufficiency caused by climate change, underinvestment in water and sanitation, and insufficient cooperation on transboundary waters, countries are facing growing challenges related to degraded water-related ecosystems, water scarcity caused by climate change, underinvestment in water and sanitation, and insuf